First identified in 2014 [ANY14], the Emotet malware evolved from a banking Trojan designed to steal sensitive information (including credentials) to a modular, polymorphic, multi-threat downloader for other, more destructive malware [MGB22].

The Encapsulation Packet Protocol (EPP) is used to transfer protocol data units (PDUs) recognised by CCSDS that are not directly transferred by the Space Data Link Protocols over an applicable ground-to-space, space-to-ground, or space-to-space communications link [CCS20b].